Each type of organ has its unique function but then they also team up and function as part of different organ systems. Let us consider each type of organ one by one:

Skin: Skin is the largest organ of our body. It is made up of multiple layers of epithelial tissue. Skin plays the most important role in protecting the body against infectious agents. Its other main functions are insulation and temperature regulation, sensation, and synthesis of vitamin D and the protection of vitamin B folates.

Eye: The eye detects light and differentiates shapes and colors.

Ear: This organ detects sound and plays a major role in sensing body balance and position.

Nose: Organ that distinguishes smell.

Mouth: The oral cavity has many functions are discussed in detail in digestive system.

Salivary glands: They produce saliva.

Oesophagus/esophagus: This muscular tube brings food from the throat to the stomach. It is lined by muscles that prevent food from going in the other direction. During vomitting, it is these muscles that also help transport food in the reverse direction.

Stomach: It produces acidic digestive juices that help to digest food.

Small intestine: It links the stomach to the large intestine and is where the majority of the digestion takes place.

Appendix: It is located near the junction of the small and the large intestines. It seems to have no absolute function.

Large intestine (colon): This is the last part of the digestive canal whose main function is to absorb all the remaining water from the undigested food.

Rectum: It is the final part of the large intestine that leads to the anus. The rectum is a temporary storage facility that signals the anus for defecation once it is full.

Liver: It is located in the abdomen. It has many important functions such as glycogen storage, decomposition of the dead blood cells, and detoxification of the body.

Gallbladder: It produces and secretes bile that is essential for food (mainly fat) digestion.

Pancreas: It secretes digestive juices and hormones such as insulin, glucagon and somatostatin.

Spleen: Located in the abdomen, the primary function of the spleen is to kill old red blood cells and is also intricately linked with the immune system.

Heart: It is a muscular organ that pumps blood through the body. It pumps blood through the arteries and veins. Heart pumps deoxygenated blood through veins to the lungs where blood gets oxygenated and is then returned to the body through arteries. Pulmonary artery and pulmonary veins are an exception in that the pulmonary vein transport oxygenated blood from the lung to the heart while pulmonary vein transports deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. Umbilical vein and artery are also similar exceptions.

Larynx/sound box: Sound is generated in the larynx.

Trachea: The tube through which air enters and exists our body during respiration.

Bronchus: Plural bronchi, the junction of the trachea that splits and supplies air to both lungs.

Lungs: Its function is to oxygenate blood with oxygen from air.

Bones: They are rigid organs that form the frame of our body. Their main functions include movement, support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals.

Skeletal muscle/voluntary muscle: Muscles are contractile tissue of the body. The skeletal muscles are anchored by tendons to bone and are used to affect skeletal movement such as locomotion and in maintaining posture.

Smooth muscle/involuntary muscle: These are found inside the walls of various organs such as esophagus, stomach, intestines, bronchi, uterus, urethra, bladder, and blood vessels. One such example is the cardiac muscle, that lines the heart.

Kidney: The primary function of the kidneys is to filter blood and throw waste out along with water in the form of urine. They also maintain body fluid balance. Kidneys are important regulators of blood pressue, glucose metabolism, and production of blood cells.

Adrenal gland: Also known as suprarenal glands (due their position) are mainly responsible for secreting corticosteroids, catecholamines, cortisol and adrenaline. They regulate stress.

Brain: It is responsible for processing all information and is the main control center for our body and our behavior. The brain is protected inside our skull.

Spinal chord: The spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that extends through the backbone and is enclosed in and protected by the bony vertebral column. It extends from the brain and its main function is to connect the nerves impulses from and between the entire body and the brain.

Pituitary gland: It is situated in a small cavity below the brain and is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate and maintain the internal body system.

Hypothalamus: It links the endocrine system to the nervous system through the pituitary gland. It is a very complex organ and has many broad range complex functions such gastric reflexes, maternal behavior, blood pressure, feeding habits, immune responses, and regulation of the body temperature are just a few to name them.

Thymus: This organ is located in the chest cavity and is responsible for production of hormones that regulate the body immunity and fighting infections.

Thyroid: Is located in the neck region. The thyroid produces hormones that control how quickly the body burns energy, makes proteins, and how sensitive the body should be to other hormones.

Parathyroid: It is located behind the thyroid gland. It produces parathyroid hormone that regulates body calcium level.

Lymph nodes: They are often wrongly called as lymphatic glands but these do not secrete any substance and therefore are not glands. They are found throughout the body. They are filters and help remove infectious agents. When the body is fighting an infection, the lymph nodes are swollen.

Ureter: The tube that connects the kidneys to the bladder. It transports and collects urine in the bladder.

Urinary bladder: It is an elastic organ in the pelvic region whose main function is to store urine before it is thrown out.

Urethra: Urine is excreted out of the body through the urethra. In males, the urethra opens through the penis, while in women it opens through the vulva between clitoris and the vaginal opening. The urethra has an additional function in males, passage of sperms. Urethra has muscles called the urethral sphincter that allows the voluntary control over urination.

Genitals: Male sex organs include: Cowper's glands, epididymis, penis, prepuce, prostate, scrotum, seminal vesicles, and testicles; while the female sex organs include: Bartholin's glands, cervix, clitoris, Fallopian tubes, labia, ovaries, Skene's gland, uterus, vagina, vulva. The detailed description of each is provided in the chapter dealing with the reproductive system.

Organs are team workers too

Many organs together operate to fulfil a task. The network of organs working together for a particular purpose is also called organ system. Our body has many organ systems. For example, the respiratory system, digestive system, reproductive system, etc...